German Shepherd
The German Shepherd, also known as the Alsatian or GSD, is a highly intelligent and versatile breed. Originally developed in Germany in the late 1800s by Max von Stephanitz, the German Shepherd was designed to be the ideal herding dog. Today, they are celebrated for their roles in police work, search and rescue, and as loyal family companions.
German Shepherds are large, muscular dogs, typically standing between 55 to 65 cm tall and weighing between 22 to 40 kg. They usually have a black and tan coat, though other colours like sable, all-black, and even white are also seen. Their life expectancy is around 8 to 13 years.
In Australia, German Shepherds are a popular choice for active families and individuals who can meet their high exercise and mental stimulation needs.
German Shepherd Dog Breed Facts & Characteristics
| Dog Breed Facts & Characteristics | Details |
|---|---|
| Origin | Germany, late 1800s |
| Also known as | Alsatian, GSD, Deutscher Schäferhund |
| Bred for | Herding, guarding sheep, service work |
| Size | Large; 55 to 65 cm in height, 22 to 40 kg |
| Weight range | 22 to 40 kg |
| Colours | Black and tan, black, sable, white, liver, blue |
| Life expectancy | 8 to 13 years |
| Coat | Double coat, sheds year-round |
| Temperament | Active, alert, intelligent |
| Exercise requirements | High |
| Best suited for | Experienced dog owners with active lifestyles |
| Apartment friendly | Not recommended |
Personality
German Shepherds are known for their intelligence, loyalty, and courage. These traits make them well-suited to active homes with owners who can provide them with regular mental and physical stimulation. Their natural protective instincts mean they may be cautious around strangers, so early socialisation is key to ensuring they are friendly and well-adjusted.
Given their large size and energy levels, German Shepherds thrive in homes with plenty of space to run and play. They excel in activities like obedience training, agility, and tracking, which help to channel their energy and intelligence.
Grooming
German Shepherds have a thick double coat that sheds year-round, with more intense shedding during seasonal changes. Regular brushing is essential to keep their coat healthy and to manage shedding. For long-coated German Shepherds, more frequent grooming may be necessary.
It's also important to keep your German Shepherd protected from fleas and ticks year-round, especially if they spend a lot of time outdoors. Regular ear checks, nail trimming, and dental care should also be part of their grooming routine.
Feeding
To support their size and energy needs, German Shepherds should be fed a high-quality, balanced diet. For puppies, it's crucial to choose a large-breed puppy food that supports healthy growth and joint development. Adult German Shepherds benefit from a diet that includes joint-supporting supplements, as they are prone to joint issues like hip dysplasia.
Always ensure your German Shepherd has access to fresh, clean water, and monitor their weight to prevent obesity, which can exacerbate joint problems.
Recommended Diet
Royal Canin offers breed-specific formulas designed to meet the unique nutritional needs of German Shepherds. Their puppy and adult formulas include high-quality protein sources and nutrients tailored to support digestive health, bone and joint health, and maintain a healthy skin and coat.
- Immune System Support: Helps support the natural defenses of your puppy thanks to a complex of antioxidants including Vitamin E.
- Digestive Performance: Supports digestive health and promotes a balance in the intestinal flora, contributing to good stool quality.
- Bone & Joint Health: Contributes to supporting the German Shepherd’s bones and joints with adapted calcium and phosphorus content, omega 3 fatty acids, glucosamine, and chondroitin.
- Healthy Skin & Coat: Supports the skin’s barrier role and maintains skin and coat health with EPA & DHA.
- Tailor Made Kibble: The kibble’s shape, size, texture, and formula are adapted to the German Shepherd dog.
Lifestage:
German Shepherd Puppy: 2 months – 15 months
German Shepherd Adult: Over 15 months
Common Health Concerns
German Shepherds are prone to several health issues that often require veterinary attention. Some of the most common concerns include hip and elbow dysplasia, which can lead to arthritis as they age. Gastrointestinal issues, such as haemorrhagic gastroenteritis and bloating (gastric dilatation-volvulus), are also prevalent in the breed and can be life-threatening if not treated promptly.
Additionally, German Shepherds may be at risk for certain cancers. Regular check-ups and proactive health care are essential to catch and manage these issues early on.
Did You Know?
Did you know that German Shepherds played a crucial role in World War I as messenger dogs, rescuers, and even supply carriers? Their intelligence, loyalty, and courage made them invaluable on the battlefield, and they continued to be used in military roles long after the war ended. One notable German Shepherd, Rin Tin Tin, was discovered as a puppy in France by American soldier Lee Duncan during the war. His talent's led him to star in 23 silent films, becoming one of the most famous dogs in movie history.
German Shepherd FAQs
How much is a German Shepherd?
In Australia, pet-quality German Shepherds generally cost between $800 to $1,500, while purebred or champion-line dogs can range from $1,500 to $4,000, depending on the breeder and pedigree.
How much exercise does a German Shepherd need?
German Shepherds are a high-energy breed that requires at least 1 to 2 hours of exercise each day. This should include a mix of physical activity like walks or runs and mental stimulation through training or interactive games.
How to train a German Shepherd to be a good family dog?
German Shepherds are intelligent and respond well to training, but they require consistent and positive reinforcement methods. Early socialisation is crucial to help them interact well with other dogs, people, and pets. Enrolling in obedience classes can also be beneficial.
Are German Shepherds easy to train?
Yes. They excel in obedience and are quick learners, but they do best with an experienced handler who can provide consistent guidance and structure.
Do German Shepherds shed a lot?
Yes, German Shepherds shed year-round, with heavier shedding during seasonal changes. Regular brushing several times a week can help manage shedding and keep their coat in good condition.
Are German Shepherds good guard dogs?
Yes, German Shepherds have a natural protective instinct, making them excellent guard dogs. They are alert, intelligent, and loyal, qualities that are highly valued in protection work. However, their protective nature should be balanced with proper socialisation to prevent aggressive behaviour.
Are German Shepherds good with other pets?
German Shepherds can get along well with other pets if they are properly socialised from a young age. However, their strong prey drive may make them inclined to chase smaller animals, so early and consistent training is important.
Can German Shepherds live in an apartment?
German Shepherds are generally not recommended for apartment living due to their large size and high energy levels. They thrive best in homes with plenty of space to roam and play. If living in an apartment, they will need significant daily exercise and mental stimulation to stay happy and healthy.
Are German Shepherds suitable for first-time dog owners?
German Shepherds are highly intelligent and trainable, but their strong will and high energy levels make them better suited for experienced dog owners. First-time owners who are committed to training and exercise may succeed, but they should be prepared for the breed's demands.